In The Preparation of the Novel, a collection of lectures delivered at a defining moment in Roland Barthes's career (and completed just weeks before his death), the critic spoke of his struggle to discover a different way of writing and a new approach to life. The Neutral preceded this work, containing Barthes's challenge to the classic oppositions of Western thought and his effort to establish new pathways of meaning. How to Live Together predates both of these achievements, a series of lectures exploring solitude and the degree of contact necessary for individuals to exist and create at their own pace. A distinct project that sets the tone for his subsequent lectures, How to Live Together is a key introduction to Barthes's pedagogical methods and critical worldview. In this work, Barthes focuses on the concept of "idiorrhythmy," a productive form of living together in which one recognizes and respects the individual rhythms of the other. He explores this phenomenon through five texts that represent different living spaces and their associated ways of life: Emile Zola's Pot-Bouille, set in a Parisian apartment building; Thomas Mann's The Magic Mountain, which takes place in a sanatorium; Andre Gide's La Sequestree de Poitiers, based on the true story of a woman confined to her bedroom; Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, about a castaway on a remote island; and Pallidius's Lausiac History, detailing the ascetic lives of the desert fathers. As with his previous lecture books, How to Live Together exemplifies Barthes's singular approach to teaching, in which he invites his audience to investigate with him -- or for him -- and wholly incorporates his listeners into his discoveries. Rich with playful observations and suggestive prose, How to Live Together orients English-speaking readers to the full power of Barthes's intellectual adventures.
罗兰·巴尔特，法国著名结构主义文学理论家与文化评论家。其一生经历可以大致划分为三个阶段：媒体文化评论期(1947-1962)、高等研究院教学期(1962-1976)，以及法兰西学院讲座教授期(1976-1980)。他和存在主义大师萨特在第二次世界大战后法国文学思想界前后辉映，并被公认为蒙田以来法国最杰出的散文大家之一。
罗兰·巴尔特在法国开创了研究社会、历史、文化、文学深层意义的结构主义和符号学方法，发表了大量分析文章和专著，其丰富的符号学研究成果具有划时代的重要性。巴尔特的符号学理论，从崭新的角度，以敏锐的目光，剖析了时装、照片、电影、广告、叙事、汽车、烹饪等各种文化现象的“记号体系”，从而深刻地改变了人们观察和认识世界及历史的方式。晚期巴尔特对当代西方文化和文学的思考进一步深化，超越了前期结构主义立场，朝向有关意义基础、下意识心理、文学...